Process of refining resins, oils, or fats.



No. 696,222. Patented Mar. 25, 1902.

F. 'ARLEDTER PnocEss 0F BEFINING REs|Ns0|Ls, 0RV FATs. (Application med .1u1y` 1a, 1901.) (nu madam' .Tl f

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRITZ ARLEDTER, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

PROCESS OF REFINING RESINS, OILS', OR FATS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent` N o. 696,222, dated March 25, 1902.

Application filed Tuly 16, 1901. Serial No. 68,517. (No specimens.)

To @ZZ whom it' Wray concern:

Be it known that I, FRITZ ARLEDTER, a citizen of the Empire of Austria-Hun gary, residing in New York, borough'of Manhattan, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Purifying and Decolorizing Resins, Oils, or Fats, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in processes ofpurifying and decolorizing resins, oils, and fats. Many of these substances as they at present come into the market contain vcoloring-matters which render them impure and unsuitable iu the crude state for many applications in the arts. Y

The object of the present invention is to provide a process by which such resins, oils, and fats can be purified and freed from these coloring-matters, whereby their value is increased and their scope of use broadened. For this purpose the invention consists in the process herein described ofpurifying and decolorizing resins, oils, or fats, which comprises the steps of mixing the same witha solution of a suitable alkali, subjecting the mixture to contact with carbonio-acid gas, and separating the resulting resin, oil, or fat from the lye.

In the accompanyingdrawing, which shows in vertical longitudinal section an apparatus suitable for carrying on the process, A indicates a mixing-drum, in which the mixing of the resin, oil, or fat and the alkali solution in the presence of' carbonio-acid gas is effected. The drum A is composed of a cylindrical shell a, provided at opposite ends with iianges a c2. To the flange a is bolted the head as and to the ange a2 the head a4. The head a3 is provided with an elliptical manhole of considerable size, which is closed by a suitable manhole cover or gate a5, located at the inner side of the head and provided with a screw-threaded shank extending to the outside of the drum, which shank is engaged by a hand-wheel o, which bears upon a suitably-arched support at the outside of the head, as clearly shown in the drawing. A vent-cock a7, spring-actuated safety-valve as, and a pressure-gage o9 are mounted on the head a3 and communicate To the oppowith the interior of the drum.

4 site head a4 is attached a discharge-cock aw, which also communicates with the interior of the drum A. The shell a is surrounded by a jacket au, which extends between the iianges a and a2 and forms,with the shell and flanges, a heating-chamber for the drum. At the opposite sides of the drum and approximately equidistant between the heads tubular hubs b b' are secured in the shell and jacket ou. A' strengthening-ring b2 incloses the hub b between the jacket and shell and is provided with radial perforations 3, communicating with the' heating-chamber and with radial perforations blin the hub. A non-perforated strengthening-ring b5 incloses the hub b' between the jacket and the chamber. The drum is rotatably supported between suitable siandards B and B2 by means of trunnions c c', secured stationarily in said stand ards and entering the tubular hubs I) b', respectively. The trunnion o is provided wit-11 a bore c2, communicating at one end with a supply-pipe d and at the other end with an annular groove c3 of the trunnion, which registers with the perforations b4. The trunnion c is also provided with a bore c4, communicating at one end with a supply-pipe ol' and at the other end with the interior of the drum. The trunnion c' is provided with a bore c5, communicating at one end with a supply-pipe d2 and at the other end with the interior of the drum. The pipe d is connected with a suitable source of steam, the'pipe d with sources of water and steam, and the pipe Z2 by means of a three-way cock cl3 with a discharge-pipe d5 and with a pipe d4, connected witha suitable source of carbonic-acid gas under pressure. The drum is rotated by means of a pinion e upon the hub b', which meshes with a gear e upon a shaft e2, which may be journaled in a bearing supported on the standard B and driven by any suitable power mechanism.. Below the drum, in line with the discharge-cock d10, is located a pan f or other suitable receiving vessel.

The discharge-cocked@ being closed, the' resin, oil, or fat to be purified and decolorized in quantity-for example, one-fourth of the cubic capacity of the drum-is introduced through the manhole and followed by a quantity of a suitable alkalisuch as potassium hydrate, sodium hydrate, ammonium carboni IOO ate, sodium carbonate, or bicarbonate-the quantity of alkali being below that necessary to cause saponiiication during the subsequent operations. 'lhis quantity will vary with different substances, but will be usually from one to three per cent. of the weight of the resin, oil, or fat treated. The manhole is then closed and a quantity of water admitted through the pipe d and trunnion c, the quantity of water being sufficient to fill the drum approximately one-half full. Steam is admitted to the heating-chamber surrounding the drum, such steam being preferably under pressure and above 100 centigrade, but not exceeding 200 centigrade, in temperature. The supply of water through pipe d is shut off and steam admitted to the interior of the drum. Carbonio-acid gas is admitted through the pipe d2 and trunnion c', the pressure of both heilig so regulated that a pressure of between one and ten atmospheres is indicated on the pressure-gage. The drum is then set in motion. The drum is continuously rotated for from two to four hours. The temperature in the drum is sufficient to render the resin, oil, or fat liquid. Thepresence of carl'xonic-acid gas is maintained in the drum during the operation. This treatment produces an effective separation of the coloring-matters from the resin, oil, or fat, such matters entering into the alkali solution or lye and the resin, oil, or fat being effectively clarified. At the end of the period of agitation the entire mass is run off through cock am into the vesself. The lyc may be separated from the purified resin, oil, or fat by any suitable means, according to the nature of the material, as by allowing the mass to stand and settle until the purified material separates from the lye, the latter being then drawn off. lf necessary, the resin, oil, or fat may be thereafter heated, so as to drive off any water remaining in the same.

The carbonio-acid gas employed serves two purposes. For the changes normally taking place in the apparatus it furnishes an indifferent atmosphere, whereas atmospheric air is not such an indifferent atmosphere. It performs an additional function, however, in case a resinate, sebate or oleate of alkali should form during the operation. The effeet of the carbonio-acid gas in this case is to decompose such compound or compounds into an alkali carbonate or bicarbonate and purified resin, oil, or fat, as the ease may be.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. The process herein described of purifying and decolorizing resins,oils and fatsvhich consists in mixing the same with a solution of a suitable alkali, subjecting the mixture to contact with carbonio-acid gas, and separating the resulting purified resin, oil or fat from the lye, substantially as set forth.

2. The process herein described of purifying and deoolorizing resins, oils or fats, which consists in mixing the same with a solution of a suitable alkali, subjecting the mixture to agitation in an atmosphere of carbonio-acid gas, and separating the resulting purified resin, oil or fat from the lye, substantially as set forth.

3. The process herein described of purifying and decolorizing resins, oils or fats, which consists in mixing the same with a solution of a suitable alkali, the latter in quantity insufficient to cause saponification, heating the mixture, simultaneously agitating the same in contact with carbonio-acid gas under pressure, and separating the resulting purified resin, oil or fat from the lye, substantially as set forth.

4. The process herein described of purifying and decolorizing resins, oils or fats, which consists in mixing the same with a solution of a suitable alkali, the latter in quantityinsufficient to cause saponification, heating the mixture, simultaneously agitating the same in contact with steam and with carbonio-acid gas, and separating the resulting purified resin, oil or fat from the lye, substantially as set forth.

5. The process herein described of purifying and decolorizing resins, oils or fats, which consists in mixing the same with an aqueous solution of 'a suitable alkali, the latter in quantity insucient to cause saponication, heating the mixture, simultaneously agitating the same in contact with steam and carbonio-acid gas under pressure, and separating the resulting purified resin, oil or fat from the lye, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRlTZ ARLEDTER.

Vitnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL, GEORGE GEIBEL.

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